Study of Pattern of Dyslipidemia, Risk Factors, Associated Comorbidities and its Cardiovascular Manifestation in Young Adults

Dyslipidemia, Risk Factors, Associated Comorbidities and its Cardiovascular Manifestation in Young Adults

Abstract

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the single most commonest cause of death in the developed countries and is among the leading causes of death and disability in the developing nations like India as well. There are an estimated 31.8 million people living with coronary artery disease (CAD) in India alone. Among the patients with atherosclerosis, dyslipidaemia has been shown as one of the significant risk factors. In addition, reports from recent studies have also confirmed the increasing prevalence of dyslipidaemia in urban as well as rural Indian populations. Subjects and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of General Medicine, Narayana Medical College, Nellore. Participants were enrolled if they were aged 3575 years and lived in one of the selected regions for at least 6 of the previous 12 months. The investigation included baseline information, physical examination, and laboratory testing. All investigators underwent professional training before the study. Information on demographic and social characteristics (such as age, sex, ethnicity, residential region, marital status, educational level, and family income), medical history (such as hypertension and diabetes), and lifestyle (such as smoking and alcohol consumption) were collected by interview where conducted at local community health service or door-to-door visits to use a standardized questionnaire. Results: In our study, we observed mean age as 37.23 years and mean weight of patients as 69.08 kg and mean height to be 165.35 cm, mean waist circumference as 84.06 cm and mean BMI to be 25.23 among studied cohort. We observed lipid profile in our studied population as mean cholesterol 256.95 mg/dl, mean triglycerides 239.37 mg/dl, mean HDL 50.8, mean LDL 171.69, mean VLDL 38.04, mean LPa 93.55, mean RBS 141 mg/dl, mean HBA1C as 6.18. Conclusion: In young Indian cohort, high prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia, high LDL-C, low HDL-C, and atherogenic dyslipidaemia were reported. These lipid abnormalities are known to increase the long-term risk of premature atherosclerotic CVD. Therefore, it is crucial to keep a regular check on these risk factors from young age to prevent or delay the occurrence of premature atherosclerotic CVD and associated mortality and morbidity.